Ace the Australian Dental Council Exam 2026 – Smile Your Way to Success!

The correct answer focuses on the apical movement of the junctional epithelium, which is a key characteristic of periodontitis. In cases of periodontitis, the inflammatory process leads to the destruction of supporting structures of the teeth, including the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. As a result, the junctional epithelium, which normally sits at a defined level on the tooth surface, migrates apically. This migration reflects the progression of periodontal disease and can be observed during clinical examinations.

This feature is significant as it indicates both the loss of attachment and the deeper positioning of the epithelial attachment, contributing to increased probing depths and the potential for further periodontal complications. The migration of the junctional epithelium signifies the severity of the disease and the deepening of periodontal pockets, ultimately impacting the overall prognosis of periodontal health.

While increased probing depth, formation of a periodontal abscess, and decreased attachment levels are related signs of periodontitis, they are secondary effects stemming from the primary event of junctional epithelium migration. Understanding the fundamental process of junctional epithelium migration is essential for diagnosing and managing periodontal disease effectively.